Directory of Herbs
A guide to selected medicinal plants used in the Philippines, including scientific names, where they are commonly found, pre-clinical and clinical evidence, traditional uses, and preparation reminders. Always consult a health professional for proper diagnosis and advice.
Bawang (Fil), Garlic (Eng)
GarlicNative to Southern Europe and Central Asia; cultivated throughout the world; extensively grown in Batanes Islands, Batangas, Nueva Ecija, Ilocos Norte, Mindoro, and Cotabato.
- Antihyperlipidemic
- Antihypertensive
- Fibrinolytic
- Antiplatelet
- Hypoglycemic
- Anti-inflammatory
- Antispasmodic
- Antimicrobial
Hyperlipidemia, hypertension, arteriosclerosis.
- Consult with a health center for a formal diagnosis and medical advice for hypercholesterolemia, including the use of garlic to control blood cholesterol levels.
- The health care professional may advise patients to eat 2–3 garlic bulbs (soaked in vinegar, sterilized, grilled, or fried in a little oil) 3 times a day with breakfast, lunch, and dinner.
Side effects: Vomiting, heartburn, diarrhea, allergies, contact dermatitis, or asthma. Not recommended for use in snake or dog bites (emergency cases). Immediately wash the wound with soap and water and bring the patient to a health center or hospital.
Sambong (Fil)
Found from India to Southern China, through the Malay Peninsula to the Moluccas; distributed throughout the Philippines.
- Anti-cancer
- Anti-genotoxicity and anti-mutagenicity
- Antimicrobial
- Anti-obesity
- Antioxidant
- Dissolution of kidney stones
Diuretic and antiuricemic (Philippine setting).
- Visit a health center to identify your illness, and the treatment for kidney stones, including the use of sambong leaves for medication.
- Boil the minced and freshly picked sambong leaves in a pot filled with 2 glasses of water until the pot is only left with half-filled of water. Keep the lid off the pot after bringing it to a boil.
- Let it cool completely and then strain it.
- Divide it into 3 portions. Drink 1 portion 3 times a day.
- Drink 12 glasses of water or more daily.
- Dosage of minced sambong leaves based on patient's age: 3 tablespoons (7–12 years old); 6 tablespoons (13 years old and above).
Tsaang-gubat (Fil)
Found from India to Southern China, Taiwan, and the Malay Peninsula; distributed throughout the Philippines.
- Anti-allergic
- Antidiarrheal
- Antimicrobial
- Antimutagenic
Caries-preventive, antispasmodic (Philippine setting).
- Boil the chopped and freshly picked forest tea (tsaang-gubat) leaves in a pot containing 1 glass of water until the water is reduced to half its volume. Remove the cover of the pot when it boils.
- Measurement of chopped leaves based on age: 1½ tablespoons (7–12 years old); 3 tablespoons (13 years old or older); not recommended for children below 7 years old.
- Let it cool and then strain.
- Drink. If stomach pain symptoms persist, consult your doctor.
Ampalaya (Fil)
Found in tropical East Africa, Madagascar, India to Japan, southward through Malesia to Polynesia; distributed throughout the Philippines.
- Antibacterial
- Antidiabetic
- Anticancer
- Anti-inflammatory
- Anti-tuberculosis
- Analgesic
- Purgative
- Antiviral
Antimetabolic syndrome, antidiabetes.
- Consult a health center for a formal diagnosis and medical advice for diabetes, including the use of ampalaya leaves (Makiling variety) to help control blood sugar levels.
- Health care professionals may advise patients to eat 1 cup of ampalaya leaves twice a day (as salad or as an ingredient in meals).
- Health care professionals may also advise patients to boil 2 cups of sprouts in 2 glasses of water until only half of the water is left (around 15 minutes of boiling), and to drink ⅓ of the boiled water (decoction) thrice a day (30 minutes before meals).
Yerba buena (Fil)
Distributed throughout the Philippines.
- Analgesic
- Antimicrobial
- Antiparasitic
- Antineoplastic
Analgesic (Philippine setting).
- Boil the grinded and freshly picked yerba buena leaves in a pot filled with 2 glasses of water until the pot is only left with half filled of water. Keep the lid off the pot after bringing it to a boil.
- Let it cool completely and then strain it.
- Divide it into 2 portions. Drink 1 portion, and drink another 1 portion after 3–4 hours if the pain still persists.
- Dosage of minced leaves based on patient's age: 3 tablespoons (7–12 years old); 6 tablespoons (13 years old and above).
- Visit a health center and consult about your illness if the toothache still persists.
- Compress or crush freshly picked leaves and use the extract in massaging the forehead and top of head.
- Consult with a health center if the headache still persists.
Ulasimang bato (Fil), Pansit-pansitan
Native to tropical America; distributed throughout the Philippines.
- Analgesic
- Antibacterial
- Antihyperuricemic
- Anti-inflammatory
- Antioxidant
Antibacterial, anticancer, antioxidant, depressant, anti-gout (Philippine setting).
- Consult a doctor at a health center to diagnose your symptoms, and to know the medicine for gout including how to use pansit-pansitan to help in controlling your uric acid levels.
- The doctor may advise to eat 1 cup (not crammed) of leafy tops of pansit-pansitan thrice during the day (as a salad).
- Also, the doctor may advise to boil 1½ glasses (or 3 cups), not cramed, of pansit-pansitan in 2 glasses of water until the water reduces to half (boil for around 15 minutes), and drink the ⅓ glass of boiled water thrice in the day after eating.
Bayabas (Fil), Guava (Eng)
Distributed throughout the Philippines.
- Analgesic
- Antidiarrheal
- Antihyperglycemic
- Anti-inflammatory and antipyretic
- Antimicrobial
- Antioxidant
- Antispasmodic
- Antitussive
- Hemostatic effects
- Inotropic effects
Gingivitis, rotaviral, acute diarrhea.
- Boil 1 or 2 handfuls of leafy tops of guavas in a small pot containing water.
- Wash the wound with the lukewarm water after it has cooled. Do this twice during the day until the scabies will heal.
- Consult a doctor at a health center if the symptoms persist, if sudden fever occurs or if there is reddening of the area around the scabies.
- Crumple the fresh tops and let it be inhaled by the person experiencing dizziness.
- Consult a doctor at a health center if dizziness symptoms still persist.
- Boil one handful of leafy tops in a small pot with water.
- Gargle with the lukewarm water after it has been cooled. Do this twice during the day until your gums feel better.
- Consult a doctor at a health center if symptoms still persist or if sudden fever is developed.
- Boil one handful of leafy tops in a small pot with water.
- Wash with the lukewarm water after it has cooled.
- Boil enough leafy tops in a pot with water.
- Take a bath with the lukewarm water after it has cooled.
Akapulko (Fil)
Distributed throughout the Philippines.
- Anti-allergic activity
- Anthelmintic
- Mosquito repellent
- Insecticidal
- Snake bites
Antifungal, antiscabies.
- Grind a sufficient amount of fresh akapulko leaves as needed.
- Apply the extract on the affected area in your skin 2 times a day. Apply it daily within 3 weeks to completely kill the fungus that causes ringworm and other fungal infections.
Reminder: If you have an allergy to the extract of Akapulko leaves, use the decoction of the leaves instead. Boil a glass of grinded and freshly picked leaves in a pot filled with 2 glasses of water until approximately 1 glass of liquid is left in the boil. Use this to wash the affected area 2 times a day. Do this for up to 3 weeks.
Lagundi (Fil)
Tropical East Africa, Madagascar, from India to Japan, southward through Malesia to Polynesia; distributed throughout the Philippines.
- Antimutagenic
- Depressant on cardiac function
Antitussive (Philippine setting).
- Boil crushed fresh lagundi leaves in a pot with 2 cups of water until only half of the water is left. Leave the pot uncovered when it starts boiling.
- Amount of crushed leaves according to patient's age: 1½ tablespoons (2–6 years old); 3 tablespoons (7–12 years old); 6 tablespoons (13 years old and above).
Niyog-niyogan
Found from India to the Malay Peninsula and Southeast Asia; widely distributed throughout the Philippines.
- Antipyretic
- Antihyperlipidemic
- Anti-inflammatory
Anthelmintic.
- Get the seed from the parent plant and its withered fruit.
- Eat it; chew it well and follow with drinking a half full or 1 glass of water.
- Dosage of seeds to eat based on patient's age: 4–5 seeds (4–6 years old); 6–7 seeds (7–12 years old); 8–10 seeds (13 years old and above).
- If there is still no worm that came out during a bowel movement, you may use the same dosage after 1 week.
- Possible side effects especially after overeating seeds: nausea, hiccups, stomach ache, or diarrhea. Do not eat more than the recommended amount of seeds.



