PITAHC – Traditional & Alternative Health Care

Directory of Herbs

A guide to selected medicinal plants used in the Philippines, including scientific names, where they are commonly found, pre-clinical and clinical evidence, traditional uses, and preparation reminders. Always consult a health professional for proper diagnosis and advice.

9 herbs Last updated: 2026 (based on PITAHC online directory)

Bawang (Fil), Garlic (Eng)

Garlic
Scientific Name: Allium sativum
Where it is commonly available

Native to Southern Europe and Central Asia; cultivated throughout the world; extensively grown in Batanes Islands, Batangas, Nueva Ecija, Ilocos Norte, Mindoro, and Cotabato.

Pre-clinical
  • Antihyperlipidemic
  • Antihypertensive
  • Fibrinolytic
  • Antiplatelet
  • Hypoglycemic
  • Anti-inflammatory
  • Antispasmodic
  • Antimicrobial
Clinical

Hyperlipidemia, hypertension, arteriosclerosis.

How to use them – For high levels of blood cholesterol (Hypercholesterolemia)
  • Consult with a health center for a formal diagnosis and medical advice for hypercholesterolemia, including the use of garlic to control blood cholesterol levels.
  • The health care professional may advise patients to eat 2–3 garlic bulbs (soaked in vinegar, sterilized, grilled, or fried in a little oil) 3 times a day with breakfast, lunch, and dinner.

Side effects: Vomiting, heartburn, diarrhea, allergies, contact dermatitis, or asthma. Not recommended for use in snake or dog bites (emergency cases). Immediately wash the wound with soap and water and bring the patient to a health center or hospital.

References: ASEAN 2014; Co 1989; BFAD 2005; Cortes-Maramba 1981; Dayrit 2014; FNRI 1997; Galvez Tan 2014; Quisumbing 1978; TKDL 2015; WHO 1999

Sambong (Fil)

Scientific Name: Blumea balsamifera
Where it is commonly available

Found from India to Southern China, through the Malay Peninsula to the Moluccas; distributed throughout the Philippines.

Pre-clinical
  • Anti-cancer
  • Anti-genotoxicity and anti-mutagenicity
  • Antimicrobial
  • Anti-obesity
  • Antioxidant
  • Dissolution of kidney stones
Clinical

Diuretic and antiuricemic (Philippine setting).

How to use them – For kidney stones
  • Visit a health center to identify your illness, and the treatment for kidney stones, including the use of sambong leaves for medication.
  • Boil the minced and freshly picked sambong leaves in a pot filled with 2 glasses of water until the pot is only left with half-filled of water. Keep the lid off the pot after bringing it to a boil.
  • Let it cool completely and then strain it.
  • Divide it into 3 portions. Drink 1 portion 3 times a day.
  • Drink 12 glasses of water or more daily.
  • Dosage of minced sambong leaves based on patient's age: 3 tablespoons (7–12 years old); 6 tablespoons (13 years old and above).
References: ASEAN 2014, BFAD 2005, Dayrit 2014, FNRI 1997, Galvez Tan 2014, Quisimbing 1978, TKDL 2015

Tsaang-gubat (Fil)

Scientific Name: Carmona retusa
Where it is commonly available

Found from India to Southern China, Taiwan, and the Malay Peninsula; distributed throughout the Philippines.

Pre-clinical
  • Anti-allergic
  • Antidiarrheal
  • Antimicrobial
  • Antimutagenic
Clinical

Caries-preventive, antispasmodic (Philippine setting).

How to use them – For stomach pains
  • Boil the chopped and freshly picked forest tea (tsaang-gubat) leaves in a pot containing 1 glass of water until the water is reduced to half its volume. Remove the cover of the pot when it boils.
  • Measurement of chopped leaves based on age: 1½ tablespoons (7–12 years old); 3 tablespoons (13 years old or older); not recommended for children below 7 years old.
  • Let it cool and then strain.
  • Drink. If stomach pain symptoms persist, consult your doctor.
References: ASEAN 2014, BFAD 2005, Dayrit 2014, FNRI 1997, Galvez Tan 2014, Quisimbing 1978, TKDL 2015

Ampalaya (Fil)

Scientific Name: Momordica charantia
Where it is commonly available

Found in tropical East Africa, Madagascar, India to Japan, southward through Malesia to Polynesia; distributed throughout the Philippines.

Pre-clinical
  • Antibacterial
  • Antidiabetic
  • Anticancer
  • Anti-inflammatory
  • Anti-tuberculosis
  • Analgesic
  • Purgative
  • Antiviral
Clinical

Antimetabolic syndrome, antidiabetes.

How to use them – For diabetes
  • Consult a health center for a formal diagnosis and medical advice for diabetes, including the use of ampalaya leaves (Makiling variety) to help control blood sugar levels.
  • Health care professionals may advise patients to eat 1 cup of ampalaya leaves twice a day (as salad or as an ingredient in meals).
  • Health care professionals may also advise patients to boil 2 cups of sprouts in 2 glasses of water until only half of the water is left (around 15 minutes of boiling), and to drink ⅓ of the boiled water (decoction) thrice a day (30 minutes before meals).
References: ASEAN 2014, BFAD 2005, Dayrit 2014, FNRI 1997, Galvez Tan 2014, Quisimbing 1978, TKDL 2015, WHO 2009

Yerba buena (Fil)

Scientific Name: Mentha cordifolia
Where it is commonly available

Distributed throughout the Philippines.

Pre-clinical
  • Analgesic
  • Antimicrobial
  • Antiparasitic
  • Antineoplastic
Clinical

Analgesic (Philippine setting).

How to use them – For toothaches
  • Boil the grinded and freshly picked yerba buena leaves in a pot filled with 2 glasses of water until the pot is only left with half filled of water. Keep the lid off the pot after bringing it to a boil.
  • Let it cool completely and then strain it.
  • Divide it into 2 portions. Drink 1 portion, and drink another 1 portion after 3–4 hours if the pain still persists.
  • Dosage of minced leaves based on patient's age: 3 tablespoons (7–12 years old); 6 tablespoons (13 years old and above).
  • Visit a health center and consult about your illness if the toothache still persists.
Headache
  • Compress or crush freshly picked leaves and use the extract in massaging the forehead and top of head.
  • Consult with a health center if the headache still persists.
References: ASEAN 2014; BFAD 2005, Cortes-Maramba 1981; Dayrit 2014; Galvez Tan 2014, Quisimbing 1978; TKDL 2015; WHO 2002

Ulasimang bato (Fil), Pansit-pansitan

Scientific Name: Peperomia pellucida
Where it is commonly available

Native to tropical America; distributed throughout the Philippines.

Pre-clinical
  • Analgesic
  • Antibacterial
  • Antihyperuricemic
  • Anti-inflammatory
  • Antioxidant
Clinical

Antibacterial, anticancer, antioxidant, depressant, anti-gout (Philippine setting).

Tips on how to control uric acid
  • Consult a doctor at a health center to diagnose your symptoms, and to know the medicine for gout including how to use pansit-pansitan to help in controlling your uric acid levels.
  • The doctor may advise to eat 1 cup (not crammed) of leafy tops of pansit-pansitan thrice during the day (as a salad).
  • Also, the doctor may advise to boil 1½ glasses (or 3 cups), not cramed, of pansit-pansitan in 2 glasses of water until the water reduces to half (boil for around 15 minutes), and drink the ⅓ glass of boiled water thrice in the day after eating.
References: ASEAN 2014, BFAD 2005, Dayrit 2014, FNRI 1997, Galvez Tan 2014, Quisimbing 1978, TKDL 2015

Bayabas (Fil), Guava (Eng)

Scientific Name: Psidium guajava
Where it is commonly available

Distributed throughout the Philippines.

Pre-clinical
  • Analgesic
  • Antidiarrheal
  • Antihyperglycemic
  • Anti-inflammatory and antipyretic
  • Antimicrobial
  • Antioxidant
  • Antispasmodic
  • Antitussive
  • Hemostatic effects
  • Inotropic effects
Clinical

Gingivitis, rotaviral, acute diarrhea.

For scabies or wounds that discharge pus
  • Boil 1 or 2 handfuls of leafy tops of guavas in a small pot containing water.
  • Wash the wound with the lukewarm water after it has cooled. Do this twice during the day until the scabies will heal.
  • Consult a doctor at a health center if the symptoms persist, if sudden fever occurs or if there is reddening of the area around the scabies.
For dizziness
  • Crumple the fresh tops and let it be inhaled by the person experiencing dizziness.
  • Consult a doctor at a health center if dizziness symptoms still persist.
Swollen gums
  • Boil one handful of leafy tops in a small pot with water.
  • Gargle with the lukewarm water after it has been cooled. Do this twice during the day until your gums feel better.
  • Consult a doctor at a health center if symptoms still persist or if sudden fever is developed.
Cleaning the vagina after giving birth
  • Boil one handful of leafy tops in a small pot with water.
  • Wash with the lukewarm water after it has cooled.
Taking a bath or for itchy skin
  • Boil enough leafy tops in a pot with water.
  • Take a bath with the lukewarm water after it has cooled.
References: ASEAN 2014; BFAD 2005, Cortes-Maramba 1981; Dayrit 2014; Galvez Tan 2014, Quisimbing 1978; TKDL 2015; WHO 2009

Akapulko (Fil)

Scientific Name: Senna alata
Where it is commonly available

Distributed throughout the Philippines.

Pre-clinical
  • Anti-allergic activity
  • Anthelmintic
  • Mosquito repellent
  • Insecticidal
  • Snake bites
Clinical

Antifungal, antiscabies.

For ringworm (buni) and other fungal infections (an-an, had-had, alipunga)
  • Grind a sufficient amount of fresh akapulko leaves as needed.
  • Apply the extract on the affected area in your skin 2 times a day. Apply it daily within 3 weeks to completely kill the fungus that causes ringworm and other fungal infections.

Reminder: If you have an allergy to the extract of Akapulko leaves, use the decoction of the leaves instead. Boil a glass of grinded and freshly picked leaves in a pot filled with 2 glasses of water until approximately 1 glass of liquid is left in the boil. Use this to wash the affected area 2 times a day. Do this for up to 3 weeks.

References: ASEAN 2014, BFAD 2005; Cortes-Maramba 1981; Dayrit 2014; Galvez Tan 2014; Quisumbing 1978; TKDL 2015

Lagundi (Fil)

Scientific Name: Vitex negundo
Where it is commonly available

Tropical East Africa, Madagascar, from India to Japan, southward through Malesia to Polynesia; distributed throughout the Philippines.

Pre-clinical
  • Antimutagenic
  • Depressant on cardiac function
Clinical

Antitussive (Philippine setting).

How to use them – For cough
  • Boil crushed fresh lagundi leaves in a pot with 2 cups of water until only half of the water is left. Leave the pot uncovered when it starts boiling.
  • Amount of crushed leaves according to patient's age: 1½ tablespoons (2–6 years old); 3 tablespoons (7–12 years old); 6 tablespoons (13 years old and above).
References: Cortes-Maramba 1981; Dayrit 2014; Galvez Tan 2014; Quisumbing 1978; TKDL 2015

Niyog-niyogan

Scientific Name: Quisqualis indica
Where it is commonly available

Found from India to the Malay Peninsula and Southeast Asia; widely distributed throughout the Philippines.

Pre-clinical
  • Antipyretic
  • Antihyperlipidemic
  • Anti-inflammatory
Clinical

Anthelmintic.

How to use them – For intestinal worms
  • Get the seed from the parent plant and its withered fruit.
  • Eat it; chew it well and follow with drinking a half full or 1 glass of water.
  • Dosage of seeds to eat based on patient's age: 4–5 seeds (4–6 years old); 6–7 seeds (7–12 years old); 8–10 seeds (13 years old and above).
  • If there is still no worm that came out during a bowel movement, you may use the same dosage after 1 week.
  • Possible side effects especially after overeating seeds: nausea, hiccups, stomach ache, or diarrhea. Do not eat more than the recommended amount of seeds.
References: BFAD 2005; Galvez Tan 2014; Quisumbing 1978; TKDL 2015